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Guru Tegh Bahadur
Guru Tegh Bahadur ((パンジャーブ語:ਗੁਰੂ ਤੇਗ਼ ਬਹਾਦਰ), (:ɡʊru teɣ bəhɑdʊɾ); 1 April 1621 – 24 November 1675,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sikhs.org/guru9.htm )〕), revered as the ''ninth Nanak'', was the ninth of ten Gurus (Prophets) of the Sikh religion. Guru Tegh Bahadur continued in the spirit of the first guru, Nanak; his 115 poetic hymns are in the text Guru Granth Sahib. Guru Tegh Bahadur was publicly beheaded in 1675 on the orders of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in Delhi〔(A Gateway to Sikhism | Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib - A Gateway to Sikhism )〕 for refusing to convert to Islam.〔〔〔(Guru Tegh Bahadur ) BBC Religions (2009)〕 and resisting the forced conversions of Hindus in Kashmir to Islam.〔(Islamic Jihad: A Legacy of Forced Conversion, Imperialism, and Slavery - By M. A. Khan, page 199 )〕 Guru Tegh Bahadur is known as ''Hind-di-Chaadar'' (shield of India) because of this. Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib and Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib in Delhi mark the places of execution and cremation of the Guru's body.
==Early life==
Guru Tegh Bahadur was born in a Sodhi Family. The Sixth guru, Guru Hargobind had one daughter Bibi Viro and five sons: Baba Gurditta, Suraj Mal, Ani Rai, Atal Rai and Tyaga Mal Khatri.〔(Guru Gobind )〕 Tyaga Mal Khatri was born in Amritsar in the early hours of 1 April 1621. The name ''Tegh Bahadur'' (Mighty Of The Sword), was given to him by Guru Hargobind after he had shown his valour in a battle against the Mughals.
Amritsar at that time was the centre of Sikh faith. As the seat of the Sikh Gurus, and with its connection to Sikhs in far-flung areas of the country through the chains of ''Masands'' or missionaries, it had developed the characteristics of a state capital. Guru Tegh Bahadur Singh was brought up in Sikh culture. He was trained in the martial-arts of archery and horsemanship, and was also taught the old classics. He underwent prolonged spells of seclusion and contemplation. Tegh Bahadur was married on 3 February 1633, to Mata Gujri.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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